From January to February 2024, a joint archaeological team composed of the Center for Archaeological Science, Sichuan University, the School of Archaeology and Museology of Sichuan University, the Sichuan Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, the Chengdu Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, the National Archaeological Department of Sri Lanka, and the Department of Archaeology of the University of Kelaniya conducted archaeological excavations at the Pabalugala site in the Northwest Province of Sri Lanka, yielding significant results. Under the guidance of the "Belt and Road" initiative, since 2017, Sichuan University and the University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, signed a cooperation agreement for excavation and research, and carried out three consecutive years of archaeological work on the ancient Indian Ocean port of Mantai, opening a new chapter in the archaeology of the Maritime Silk Road...